Duncan Jones'
Moon is a superb film that captures the horrors of corporate greed using a setting in space as background. The lead role in the film, an astronaut named Sam Bell played with impressive skill by actor Sam Rockwell, is our connection between the ordinary and the extraordinary.
***MAJOR SPOILERS FOLLOW***
We are introduced to Sam during the last two weeks of a three-year tour on a lunar base. The base on the Moon, called Sarang and managed by Lunar Industries, Inc. is designed to manage automatic lunar regolith "combines" harvesting helium 3 for energy-producing fusion reactors on Earth. Sam's job is to supplement the resident artificial intelligence, GERTY, and to retrieve helium 3 canisters from the combines via small utility rovers. The helium 3 canisters are then shot toward the Earth aboard capsules launched via rail gun. Sam is looking forward to leaving, having had his fill of a solitary life. He must also deal with an apparent loss of real-time communications with Earth due to a malfunctioning satellite orbiting the Moon, a shortcoming the company does not seem compelled to address promptly.
We watch Sam's last few weeks on the base turn from a life of monotony to one that rapidly disintegrates into a kind of madness brought on by a solitary existence. Rockwell's performance here is engrossing - he deftly captures the crazed boredom mixed with growing anticipation of finally going home. The ingredients for Sam's character, a professional astronaut that deals with loneliness using humor and obsessive-compulsive behavior is a perfect match for Rockwell. Of course, while I'm watching this part of the film, I'm trying to figure out why a company spends all the money on a lunar base to provide 75 percent of all energy on Earth, but only invests in one human being to live and work there.
Sam's apparent madness ultimately results in him periodically seeing things that shouldn't be there, including his wife, who is actually back on Earth, and a teenage woman. He also sees inexplicable glitches in video communications from time to time, involving his wife and baby daughter as well as work-related reports. Sam writes these off as symptoms of fatigue. We experience Sam's mental difficulties with him, a hallucinatory journey that ultimately causes Sam to collide his rover with a combine during a helium 3 retrieval.
Sam wakes up in the infirmary, tended to by GERTY. We are left wondering how he was retrieved fi he is the only person at the base. Sam is told by GERTY that his shuttle from the Earth crashed into the combine, an event that he does not remember. GERTY says that a rescue mission has been dispatched to fix the combine and that he must stay on base until the task is done. Sam is ordered to remain confined until the resuce shuttle arrives. Sam decides this won't do, especially after hearing part of a live discussion between GERTY and corporate headquarters (Sam wonders how this is possible if the communication satellite is defunct). Sam manages to leave the base to find out what's wrong with the combine himself, only to discover that the astronaut in the rover is a person who looks just like him. At this point, the audience is not quite sure what's going on. Is Sam totally mad? Are there really two Sams? How is this possible?
Jones manages to transition the story of a man apparently suffering from the madness of loneliness to one in which a conspiracy seems afoot. We move from feeling the angst of a man ready to go home to working with him (and his duplicate, real or imagined) to solve a riddle. The Sam that has been on the Moon for years is clearly ill, whereas the newer Sam seems well. Is the newer Sam a rational version conjured by the tired and sick Sam? The confusion regarding who is the real Sam is deliberate on Jones' part, who wants the audience to feel the confusion felt by the characters themselves.
The sick Sam is convinced something is not right, and becomes inspired when the two Sams discuss the possibility of a secret room full of other Sams - the company, it is believed, has produced Sam clones to run the base. During this revalatory sequence, the Sams have a physical fight, among the more realistic fights I've seen - clumsy and almost comical, as they are in reality. In time, the malfunctioning satellite is discovered to be a lie; the two Sams travel beyond the communication jamming equipment beyond the base to confirm their suspicions of a conspiracy. Indeed, following this discovery, the older Sam travels beyond the perimeter and links with his home on Earth, only to discover the horrible truth that his wife passed away long ago and his baby daughter is in fact 15 years old now. Our relationship with the character of Sam has been so well developed by Jones and Rockwell that this scene is powerfully heartbreaking. It is during this phone conversation that Sam and the audience learn that Sam, apparently the real Sam, is living on Earth.
Ultimately, the two Sams find the secret room, filled with hundreds of Sams, each waiting to be awakened with all their replicated personal belongings for a three-year mission. Apparently, the company, despite its wealth and dedication to providing clean energy to the world, has arranged to operate the base secretly using clones of an original astronaut named Sam Bell. Each time a clone is awakened, only the memories of the original Sam are intact. GERTY apparently "cleans up" all former evidence of a previous Sam on base before the next one arrives in the infirmary. Jones' message is clear at this point - regardless of the good a corporation may be dedicated in providing, it is always subject to human weakness, in this case greed. Lunar Industries, Inc. disposes with ethics, seeing clones of Sam as less than human when in fact each one of them is a human being. Jones manages to convince us that this is the argument. Whereas much science fiction focuses on the differences between a human being and a clone, Jones effectively argues that we must focus on the fact that human beings and clones are precisely the same, and that ethical arguments against cloning must be taken seriously. For example, in the film it is demonstrated that after about three years, a clone will start to come apart mentally and then physically. Evidence exists today that cloning multiple copies from an original can result in serious DNA damage that increases in severity with each progressing generation. Rockwell's depiction of a man becoming physically ill is perhaps the best I have seen in film since Tom Hanks in
Philadephia, and is difficult to watch.
In a curiously touching sequence of scenes, the newer Sam takes care of the older Sam, and you momentarily think of them as brothers. It is agreed that the older Sam, who realizes he is sick and dying anyway, must go back into the crashed rover before the rescue shuttle arrives. The newer Sam will head toward the Earth using a helium 3 capsule shot from the rail gun to live a real life on the home planet. The newer Sam resurrects another Sam clone and successfully puts the older, now unconscious Sam back in the crashed rover. The latter scene is especially poignant, particularly since you become aware that the awful sequence of cloning may finally be coming to an end. Just before he leaves for his arduous journey to Earth, the newer Sam programs one of the combines to collide with one of the jamming towers, an incident that opens live communication to the base for the first time in over a decade.
The newer Sam makes it to Earth, and we learn through global media coverage that the company is ultimately indicted for crimes against humanity.
For me,
Moon is the first space-based fiction film of a serious nature since
Alien, released in 1979. It is an inspired piece of work with a complex storyline beautifully acted by Rockwell, almost the sole actor we see in the entire work. For a budget of $5 million, the result is a compelling psychological and ethical drama that just happens to take place on the Moon. Put another way, space is the background, the setting, and never overwhelms the characters as is so often the case in science fiction film.
I must also make a note about the artistic direction in the film, something I have a keen interest in. I was thoroughly impressed by the quality of the sets and models used (CGI is only sparsely used), especially when one reflects on the relatively low budget. The designs were logical and the rendering beautifully achieved. The stark landscape and harsh sunlight was perfectly done, and the "lived in" quality of the based was superbly reproduced. My only complaint would be the sound effects on the Moon - being a vacuum environment, no sound would be apparent. I would have used music or some other mechanism to handle the silence, though Stanley Kubrick managed to use silence with deafening aplomb in
2001: A Space Odyssey, a movie Jones admits provided key inspiration.
Jones'
Moon reminds us that even in the quest to do good, darkness is not far behind; that we must always be vigilant and avoid tendencies toward cutting ethical corners. His film is timely - we see the results of unsupervised corporate greed today, the global economy having been seriously damaged by unethical behavior and an apparent unwillingness to monitor and regulate the system. We also see how the desire to do good in America's name via the so-called "War on Terror" has succumbed to the darker side, with leaders willing to compromise principle and ethics to torture human beings and abuse civil rights protected under the Constitution.
If you like explosions, aliens and and all manner of space-based bedlam, then this film is probably not for you. If you prefer psychological and ethical challenges presented in story form by a talented cast and crew, then this is a definite winner. Think of it this way:
Moon is the story of twisted corporate greed as discovered by a blue collar miner. The fact that the story takes place on the Moon is incidental, and for this reason I might have picked a different title.